RSV in Babies and Children

Respiratory syncytial virus, commonly called RSV, is a respiratory virus that often causes mild, cold-like symptoms. RSV is very common, and most children recover on their own. However, RSV can sometimes cause more serious illness, particularly in infants and young children.

Knowing the symptoms and when to contact your child’s healthcare provider can help you feel more prepared.

What Are the Symptoms of RSV?

RSV symptoms often begin like a common cold and may appear gradually rather than all at once.

Common symptoms can include:

• Runny nose or congestion

• Cough

• Sneezing

• Fever

• Decreased appetite

• Wheezing

Very young infants may show different symptoms, including irritability, decreased activity, difficulty feeding or changes in their breathing.

Because RSV can look similar to other respiratory illnesses, contact your child’s healthcare provider if you are concerned about their symptoms.

When Can RSV Become More Serious?

Most children with RSV recover without complications. However, RSV can sometimes lead to more serious respiratory illnesses, including bronchiolitis or pneumonia.

Infants and some young children have a greater risk of developing severe RSV illness. Risk may be higher for:

• Very young infants

• Children born prematurely

• Children with chronic lung disease

• Children with certain heart conditions

• Children with weakened immune systems

• Some children with other underlying health conditions

If you are unsure about your child’s individual risk, talk with your pediatric healthcare provider.

When Should I Call My Child’s Healthcare Provider?

You know your child best. Contact your healthcare provider if you are concerned about your child’s symptoms or if their condition is getting worse.

Seek medical care promptly if your child:

• Is having difficulty breathing

• Is not drinking enough fluids

• Shows signs of dehydration

• Has symptoms that are becoming more severe

• Is unusually sleepy, less active or difficult to wake

For severe breathing difficulty or another medical emergency, call 911.

Can RSV Be Prevented?

There are now options that can help protect babies from severe RSV illness.

Depending on your baby’s age, health and whether an RSV vaccine was received during pregnancy, your healthcare provider may recommend an RSV immunization for your baby. Most infants do not need both maternal vaccination and an infant RSV immunization.

Your healthcare provider can help determine which RSV prevention option is appropriate for you and your baby.

Everyday habits can also help reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Wash hands frequently, cover coughs and sneezes, clean frequently touched surfaces and avoid close contact with others when they are sick.